This is a simple series of fire alarms. In this series used NE555 timer and temperature sensor to detect high temperatures. The working principle of this temperature sensor that is when the temperature is high around the sensor then there is resistance on the sensor to be small.
However if the low temperature then the resistance will be high. If the resistance of small sensors, the voltage supply will be able to flow past the sensor and activate the transistor.
IC1 NE555 as a regulator of the audio frequency. Transistors 1 and 2 are used as a driver IC1. Output (pin 3) of IC1 would trigger a transistor base T3 (SL100), which drives the speaker to produce sound the alarm. Frequency NE555 depending on resistance values of R5 and R6 and the capacitance sensor C2 temperature. When the temperature gets hot, would provide a low resistance so that supply voltage can flow into the base of transistor T1 through a diode D1 and R2.
Capacitor C1 will charge a positive voltage so that it will increase the time when the fire alarm. The greater the value of C1, the greater the positive bias applied to the base of transistor T1 (BC548). T1 collector coupled to the base transistor T2, transistor T2 provides a positive voltage to pin 4 (reset) from IC1 (NE555). Resistors R4 will make IC1 NE555 continued to be active despite no positive voltage flowing.
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